They build structure. Starch granules swell in hot water, burst, and weave a net that traps the liquid — most of what you call body comes from here. Wheat does one extra job on top: gluten.
Starch does nothing before 62 °C, and acid cuts the chains during a long boil. Think about your thickener after the heat and before the acid.
In a coating the job of breadcrumb is its pores: a dry, porous surface flashes its water to steam at 180 °C and keeps the oil out. Finely milled crumb loses those pores and the coating drinks fat — coarsely broken crumb fries crisper.
How to keep it, and who it suits.
Three months in a sealed jar somewhere cool and dry. Damp breadcrumb clumps, and a clump leaves a hole in the coating; a pinch of rice in the jar takes up the moisture.
It is made from dried bread, and drying does not remove bread’s gluten.
Allergen: GLUTEN
0 — glucose is taken as 100. Below 55 is low, 56–69 medium, 70 and above high. The number says nothing about portion: at the same index, twice the amount is twice the load.
Same family
FlourProtein 10–12% · builds gluten
St
StarchGelatinises at 62–72 °C
Ri
RiceAmylose 20–25% · grains stay separate
Bu
BulgurPre-cooked · steeps in 12 min
Pa
PastaDurum semolina · 1% salted water
Po
PotatoStarch 15–20% · softens at 60 °C
Tm
Sweet corn18.7% carbohydrate · 2% fibre
Ms
Wholegrain cornmeal76.9% carbohydrate · 7.3% fibre
Ir
Semolina72.8% carbohydrate · 3.9% fibre
Yu
Oats66.3% carbohydrate · 10.6% fibre
As
Orzo pasta74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Tl
Vermicelli74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Ei
Egg noodles (dry)71.3% carbohydrate · 3.3% fibre
Yf
Yufka (uncooked börek sheets)50.1% carbohydrate · 3.1% fibre
Gy
Güllaç sheets82.7% carbohydrate · 2.5% fibre
Tk
Shredded kadayıf pastry (uncooked)61.7% carbohydrate · 3.5% fibre
Tr
Tarhana (dry)65.3% carbohydrate · 3.8% fibre
Kb
Fine bulgur75.9% carbohydrate · 12.5% fibre
Pb
Coarse bulgur70.4% carbohydrate · 6.8% fibre
Sal
Salep powder (pure)23.7% carbohydrate · 58.8% fibre
Pu
Rice flour80.1% carbohydrate · 2.4% fibre
Dv