What it is for
They build structure. Starch granules swell in hot water, burst, and weave a net that traps the liquid — most of what you call body comes from here. Wheat does one extra job on top: gluten.
Where it catches you out
Starch does nothing before 62 °C, and acid cuts the chains during a long boil. Think about your thickener after the heat and before the acid.
The knack
Wholegrain cornmeal is not corn starch; do not substitute them gram for gram as thickeners.
Storage and health
How to keep it, and who it suits.
Keeping it
Keep airtight in a cool, dry, dark cupboard for 6 months; after opening, refrigerate for 6 months.
Cross-contamination risk
Maize is gluten-free; wheat cross-contact on the milling line must be checked on the label.
Same family
Fl
FlourProtein 10–12% · builds gluten
St
StarchGelatinises at 62–72 °C
Ri
RiceAmylose 20–25% · grains stay separate
Bu
BulgurPre-cooked · steeps in 12 min
Pa
PastaDurum semolina · 1% salted water
Po
PotatoStarch 15–20% · softens at 60 °C
Tm
Sweet corn18.7% carbohydrate · 2% fibre
Ir
Semolina72.8% carbohydrate · 3.9% fibre
Yu
Oats66.3% carbohydrate · 10.6% fibre
As
Orzo pasta74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Tl
Vermicelli74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Ei
Egg noodles (dry)71.3% carbohydrate · 3.3% fibre
Yf
Yufka (uncooked börek sheets)50.1% carbohydrate · 3.1% fibre
Gy
Güllaç sheets82.7% carbohydrate · 2.5% fibre
Tk
Shredded kadayıf pastry (uncooked)61.7% carbohydrate · 3.5% fibre
Tr
Tarhana (dry)65.3% carbohydrate · 3.8% fibre
Kb
Fine bulgur75.9% carbohydrate · 12.5% fibre
Pb
Coarse bulgur70.4% carbohydrate · 6.8% fibre
Sal
Salep powder (pure)23.7% carbohydrate · 58.8% fibre
Pu
Rice flour80.1% carbohydrate · 2.4% fibre
Dv
Hulled wheat71% carbohydrate · 12.2% fibre
Ys
Oat milk90.6% water · 48 kcal
FlourProtein 10–12% · builds gluten
St
StarchGelatinises at 62–72 °C
Ri
RiceAmylose 20–25% · grains stay separate
Bu
BulgurPre-cooked · steeps in 12 min
Pa
PastaDurum semolina · 1% salted water
Po
PotatoStarch 15–20% · softens at 60 °C
Tm
Sweet corn18.7% carbohydrate · 2% fibre
Ir
Semolina72.8% carbohydrate · 3.9% fibre
Yu
Oats66.3% carbohydrate · 10.6% fibre
As
Orzo pasta74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Tl
Vermicelli74.7% carbohydrate · 3.2% fibre
Ei
Egg noodles (dry)71.3% carbohydrate · 3.3% fibre
Yf
Yufka (uncooked börek sheets)50.1% carbohydrate · 3.1% fibre
Gy
Güllaç sheets82.7% carbohydrate · 2.5% fibre
Tk
Shredded kadayıf pastry (uncooked)61.7% carbohydrate · 3.5% fibre
Tr
Tarhana (dry)65.3% carbohydrate · 3.8% fibre
Kb
Fine bulgur75.9% carbohydrate · 12.5% fibre
Pb
Coarse bulgur70.4% carbohydrate · 6.8% fibre
Sal
Salep powder (pure)23.7% carbohydrate · 58.8% fibre
Pu
Rice flour80.1% carbohydrate · 2.4% fibre
Dv