What it is for
They carry aroma. Most smell molecules dissolve in fat rather than water, which is why you bloom spices in oil. They also conduct heat, shorten gluten and soften texture.
Where it catches you out
Every fat has its own smoke point. Butter burns at 150 °C, extra virgin olive oil holds to 190 — choose the fat for the job, not the bottle.
The knack
Distinguish whole roasted seeds from kernels; exclude shell weight from energy calculations.
Storage and health
How to keep it, and who it suits.
Keeping it
Keep airtight in a cool, dry, dark cupboard for 3 months; refrigerate for 1 year.
Gluten-free
Plain pumpkin seed kernels are naturally gluten-free.
Glycaemic index
This ingredient carries no meaningful carbohydrate, so it has no glycaemic index. On its own it will not move blood sugar; what you eat alongside it decides that.
Same family
Oo
Olive oilSmoke point 190–210 °C (EVOO)
Bt
ButterSmoke point 150 °C · milk solids burn
Ta
Tahini55% fat · inverts when water is added
Wa
Walnut65% fat · goes rancid fast, freeze it
Al
Almond50% fat · 21% protein
Ao
Avocado15% fat · monounsaturated
Fn
Hazelnut kernels (raw)60.8% fat · 628 kcal
Af
Pistachio kernels (raw)45.3% fat · 560 kcal
Cm
Pine nuts68.4% fat · 673 kcal
Ss
Sesame seeds (unhulled)49.7% fat · 573 kcal
Ac
Sunflower kernels (raw)51.5% fat · 584 kcal
Hc
Desiccated coconut (unsweetened)64.5% fat · 660 kcal
Yz
Green olives (brined)15.3% fat · 145 kcal
Sz
Black olives?
Si
Extra virgin olive oil?
Rz
Refined and virgin olive oil blend?
Ayc
Sunflower oil (linoleic)100% fat · 884 kcal
Iy
Raw beef suet94% fat · 854 kcal
Kuy
Raw lamb tail fat86.1% fat · 787 kcal
Yr
Peanuts (raw kernels)49.2% fat · 567 kcal
Sd
Ghee (clarified butter)99.5% fat · 876 kcal
Olive oilSmoke point 190–210 °C (EVOO)
Bt
ButterSmoke point 150 °C · milk solids burn
Ta
Tahini55% fat · inverts when water is added
Wa
Walnut65% fat · goes rancid fast, freeze it
Al
Almond50% fat · 21% protein
Ao
Avocado15% fat · monounsaturated
Fn
Hazelnut kernels (raw)60.8% fat · 628 kcal
Af
Pistachio kernels (raw)45.3% fat · 560 kcal
Cm
Pine nuts68.4% fat · 673 kcal
Ss
Sesame seeds (unhulled)49.7% fat · 573 kcal
Ac
Sunflower kernels (raw)51.5% fat · 584 kcal
Hc
Desiccated coconut (unsweetened)64.5% fat · 660 kcal
Yz
Green olives (brined)15.3% fat · 145 kcal
Sz
Black olives?
Si
Extra virgin olive oil?
Rz
Refined and virgin olive oil blend?
Ayc
Sunflower oil (linoleic)100% fat · 884 kcal
Iy
Raw beef suet94% fat · 854 kcal
Kuy
Raw lamb tail fat86.1% fat · 787 kcal
Yr
Peanuts (raw kernels)49.2% fat · 567 kcal
Sd