They do more than sweeten: they bind moisture, raise the boiling point and produce colour and crust. A jam sets and keeps because of sugar.
Each sugar browns at its own temperature. Sucrose at 160 °C, the fructose in honey and molasses at 110 — anything with honey burns sooner.
Cocoa butter sets in five different crystal forms and only one of them (form V) is glossy and snaps. That is why melted chocolate must not pass 45 °C and should be worked at 31–32 °C: tempering is not decoration, it is deciding which crystal you get.
How to keep it, and who it suits.
A year at 18–20 °C, dry and away from smells. Refrigerated chocolate blooms sugar on its surface: harmless, but the texture is gone.
Cocoa and sugar are gluten free; the whole risk is cross-contact with biscuit lines in the same factory.
Allergen: SOY
0 — glucose is taken as 100. Below 55 is low, 56–69 medium, 70 and above high. The number says nothing about portion: at the same index, twice the amount is twice the load.
Same family
SugarCaramelises at 160 °C
Ho
HoneyFructose dominant · browns at 110 °C
Mo
MolassesReducing sugar · accelerates Maillard
Ku
Raisins (seedless)79.3% carbohydrate · 299 kcal
Kur
Dried apricots (sulphured)62.6% carbohydrate · 241 kcal
K2
Dried figs63.9% carbohydrate · 249 kcal
Kus
Zante currants (dried)77% carbohydrate · 290 kcal
Up
Grape pekmez58.7% carbohydrate · 240 kcal
Dp
Mulberry pekmez?
Kec
Carob pekmez?
Gl
Glucose (anhydrous powder)?