What it is for
They set the balance. Acid cuts fat, reins in sweetness, denatures protein and triggers leaveners. When a dish tastes like something is missing, it is usually acid rather than salt.
Where it catches you out
Heat drives the aroma out of acid. Squeeze the lemon at the table, not into the pot, and add vinegar at the end.
The knack
Citric acid is not table salt; do not alter the acid amount in a tested canning or pickling recipe.
Storage and health
How to keep it, and who it suits.
Keeping it
Keep in an airtight container in a cool, dry, dark cupboard for 2 years.
Gluten-free
Pure food-grade citric acid contains no gluten grain.
Glycaemic index
This ingredient carries no meaningful carbohydrate, so it has no glycaemic index. On its own it will not move blood sugar; what you eat alongside it decides that.
Same family
Le
LemonpH 2.2 · 5% citric acid
Vi
VinegarpH 2.4–3.4 · 5% acetic acid
Yo
YoghurtpH 4.4 · splits above 85 °C
Pm
PomegranatepH 3.0 · anthocyanin turns blue in base
Tp
Tomato pastepH 4.3 · glutamate 250 mg/100 g
Ne
Pomegranate molasses21.6% water · 308 kcal
Bi
Red pepper paste?
S2
Pickled cucumber94.3% water · 12 kcal
LemonpH 2.2 · 5% citric acid
Vi
VinegarpH 2.4–3.4 · 5% acetic acid
Yo
YoghurtpH 4.4 · splits above 85 °C
Pm
PomegranatepH 3.0 · anthocyanin turns blue in base
Tp
Tomato pastepH 4.3 · glutamate 250 mg/100 g
Ne
Pomegranate molasses21.6% water · 308 kcal
Bi
Red pepper paste?
S2
Pickled cucumber94.3% water · 12 kcal